Activity 2

Atom and Atomic Structure

Magnesium 12 Protons 12 Neutrons

Aluminum 13 Protons 14 Neutrons

Sodium 11 Protons 12 Neutrons

1) Atomic Number

• Magnesium-12


• Aluminum- 13


• Sodium-11

2) Atomic Mass

• Magnesium- 24.3050


• Aluminum-26.9815


• Sodium- 22.9898

3) Protons and electrons are two subatomic particles that are equal in number

4) An isotope is created when there is the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. To create an isotope I would have to change the amount of neutrons in the element.

5) Most of the volume in an atom is held in the nucleus by the protons and neutrons.

6)
Excited magnesium.
7) Ground state is the opposite of excited state. In excited state more charges move away from the nucleus. When the atom reaches ground state again the nucleus will hold more.

8) Depending on the element colors have a wide range. When sodium is excited it can give off a yellow flame or other elements can give of lavender flames to red flames.

9) Colors are unique to specific elements. When electronic structures of atoms are changed different colors are omitted.

10) Elements that are in one group and are placed by each other on the periodic table have similar chemical properties.

11)Group and classes of the periodic table

• Alkali Metals- Potassium and Cesium


• Alkaline Earth- Barium, Radium


• Halogens- Fluorine, Iodine


• Nobel Gases- Xenon, Krypton


• Transition metals- Zirconium, Titanium


• Non Metals- Nitrogen, Oxygen


• Metalloids- Boron, Asatine